UW study: Homeless networks shrink 50% as acquaintance count drops from 80 to 40

A new study published in Social Networks (2026) by researchers from the University of Washington and collaborators examines the personal networks of people experiencing homelessness in King County, WA. Using survey responses from over 3,000 unhoused individuals collected over three years (2022–2024) via network-based sampling, the paper reveals a sharp decline in social connectivity. The average number of acquaintances dropped from 80 in 2023 to just 40 in 2024—a 50% reduction. Close friendships remained stable at around 2.5 per person, but given the overall growth in the homeless population (653,100 nationally per HUD in 2023, up 23% from 2022), this stability masks a net decrease in network density. Meanwhile, kinship networks expanded, suggesting that more family members of unhoused individuals are themselves becoming homeless.

The study points to likely drivers: displacement from encampment sweeps and a rise in newly homeless individuals who have not yet built local support ties. The resulting anomie—growing social isolation—could reduce opportunities for information sharing about shelter, food, healthcare, and safety. However, the increased reliance on family ties highlights a shifting support dynamic within the community. The authors advocate for policies that foster social connections, such as reducing displacement and creating safe spaces for congregation, to counter the erosion of networks that are vital to survival and upward mobility for unsheltered populations.