Four-Layer Psychology Framework Charts HCI Shift from Tool to Mind Symbiosis

Researchers Xiaohe Bie, Bo Wang, and Xinyu Long published a systematic review on arXiv (2607.26402) proposing a four-layer integrative psychological framework for human-computer interaction. The layers are: micro-cognitive (foundation of interaction), meso-affective (drives relational engagement), macro-social (regulates trust and behavior through norms), and self-constructive (points to human-machine symbiosis as ultimate goal). This progression follows a logic of 'foundation–mediation–context–goal.' The paper argues HCI is undergoing a paradigm shift from tool use toward partnership and mind symbiosis, with psychology evolving from a supplementary tool to a core pillar that proactively shapes interaction paradigms and long-term relationships.

Crucially, the review contends that psychology must move from 'post-hoc evaluation' to a 'proactive design paradigm' — especially relevant for generative AI and embodied agents. The authors identify core challenges including the nature of affect in machines, agency erosion (where users lose decision-making autonomy), and ethical risks such as manipulation and dependency. Future directions include developing a bidirectional theory of mind between humans and AI, and personalized co-evolution where systems adapt to individual psychological profiles. This framework offers a systematic theoretical lens for designing AI partners that respect human cognition, emotion, social norms, and identity.